What is periampullary tumor?
The ampoule is a nipple-like structure located in the duodenum, where the bile and pancreatic ducts open. The 2 cm area around the ampulla, called the periampullary region, consists of four anatomical structures as the pancreatic head, the ampulla, the duodenum and the distal common bile duct. Tumors occurring in this region are also called periampullary region tumors.
What are the types of periampullary tumors?
- Duodenal tumors
Since the duodenum is located right next to the pancreas, tumors seen here often grow into the pancreas.
Malignant tumors of the duodenum are usually removed with the Whipple procedure. Benign tumors of the duodenum can also be removed endoscopically.
- Vater Papillae Tumors
Both benign and malignant tumors can develop in the Vater papillae region, which is the common connection point of the pancreas and the bile duct to the duodenum. In cases of malignant tumors in the papillae, the Whipple procedure, which involves the removal of the entire head of the pancreas and the duodenum, may be required.
For benign tumors in the papillae, endoscopic methods may be preferred.
- Distal Bile Duct Tumors
The distal part of the bile duct passes through the head of the pancreas and reaches the duodenum. The removal of malignant tumors in the distal bile duct often requires the Whipple procedure.
Who gets periampullar tumors and what are their symptoms?
Periampullary region tumors, which manifest themselves with pain, weight loss and jaundice, occur more often at later ages. Approximately 88 percent of patients are over 80 years old.
What methods are used in the diagnosis of periampullary tumors?
Laboratory tests, imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT and MRI, and radiological or endoscopic interventional techniques are used in the diagnosis of all periampullary tumors.
How are periampullary tumors treated?
Because it is located in areas close to the pancreas, a portion of the pancreas must be removed in surgical interventions for tumors occurring in the duodenum, Vater Papillae, and distal bile duct.
